Touchless, remotely activatable assembly for fluid flow regulation, related systems and methods

ABSTRACT

An assembly for controlling fluid flow between a fluid source and an outlet includes an electrically operable valve interposed between the fluid source and the outlet, the valve being actuatable between an open position and and a closed position; and an activator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensor configured to detect a stimulus when the stimulus enters a detection zone, (ii) a transmitter configured to transmit a signal upon activation of the sensor by a user to a controller for actuating the valve, and (iii) an orientation detector configured to detect among at least two orientations of the activator device. When the activator device is in a first orientation, a zone of detection of the sensor may extend no farther than a predetermined distance from the sensor, and when the activator is in a second orientation, the zone of detection may extend farther than the predetermined distance from the sensor.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/205,566, filed Mar. 12, 2014, which claims the priority of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/791,587, filed Mar. 15, 2013 andU.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/844,610, filed Jul. 10, 2013,the entire contents of each are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention as described herein generally relates to systems andassemblies to remotely control fluid flow, for example, water flowthrough a faucet in a consumer, industrial or institutional setting.Recent lifestyle trends have begun to emphasize the desirability of“hands free” or touchless automatic faucets. These trends include, forexample, medical and technological advances that permit handicapped orphysically challenged persons to live on their own, a greater emphasison kitchen sanitation and avoidance of cross contamination of foodproducts and increased desire to live in a more environmentallyconscious manner (e.g., reduce or eliminate unnecessary water usage).

Conventional “touchless” systems exist, but typically include a waterflow activator that is fixed, either to the faucet itself, or in closeproximity to the faucet, such as next to a sink or affixed to a vanity.These arrangements limit the flexibility of the touchless system since auser must be in close proximity to the water source to activate thesystem. Accordingly, these systems are significantly less useful whenthe user is not in close proximity to the fluid outlet or sink or cannotphysically orient him- or herself to activate the sensor (for example, awheelchair-bound user who cannot reach the fixed sensor from a seatedposition).

Moreover, most prior art touchless systems sensors cannot beretro-fitted into existing installed conventional faucets. To thecontrary, user must apply significant resources to purchase and installan entirely new system—a time consuming and expensive proposition,especially if the system includes a sensor that must be fixed in thevanity or counter surface.

In addition, while some users appreciate the ability to touchlesslyoperate water flow, others may find it simpler or more efficient tomanually operate the faucet using the conventional single or dualmechanical valves for adjusting water flow. In many touchless systems,the manual operation option is not available, resulting in inconvenienceshould the power source of the sensor fail or in the general annoyanceof the user, should he or she prefer to operate the water flow manually.

Thus, in the field of touchless systems, one finds that there remains anunmet need for a touchless system having a remotely locatable sensorthat allows for remote control of fluid flow, and which is capable offacilitating fluid delivery in a manual mode and in a touchless mode,according to the user's need or desire.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention includes an assembly for remotely controlling fluid flowbetween a fluid source, such as a water source, and an outlet thatincludes at least one electrically operable valve, such as anelectromagnetically-actuatable valve, to be interposed between the fluidsource and the outlet, the valve being actuatable between an openposition, in which the source and the outlet are fluidly connected, anda closed position in which the source and the outlet are not fluidlyconnected; at least one actuator, such as a solenoid actuator, operablyconnected to the at least one valve for actuating the valve between theopen and closed positions; a controller comprising a receiver forreceiving a wireless signal, wherein the controller is operablyconnected to the actuator and capable of actuating the actuator uponreceipt of a wireless signal by the receiver; and an activator devicecomprising (i) a user-activatable sensor for detecting a stimulus whenthe stimulus enters a detection zone and (ii) a transmitter thattransmits the wireless signal upon activation of the sensor by a user tothe receiver. In an embodiment, it may be desirable that theelectrically operable valves are also mechanically actuatable or thatone or more (additional) manually activatable valves in included in theassembly.

Also included are hybrid touchless/mechanical systems that allow bothtouchless (wireless) control of fluid flow and mechanical control offluid flow. The system includes at least one electrically operablevalve, such as an electromagnetically actuable valve, interposed betweenthe fluid source and the outlet, the valve is actuatable between an openposition and a closed position; at least one actuator, such as asolenoid actuator, operably connected to the at least one valve foractuating the valve between the open and closed positions; a controllercomprising a receiver for receiving a wireless signal, wherein thecontroller is operably connected to the actuator and capable ofactuating the actuator upon receipt of a wireless signal by thereceiver; an activator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensorfor detecting a stimulus when the stimulus enters a detection zone and(ii) a transmitter that transmits the wireless signal upon activation ofthe sensor by a user to the receiver; and at least one mechanicallyactuatable valve interposed between the fluid source and the outlet,wherein the mechanically actuatable valve is actuatable between an openposition and a closed position; wherein, when the at least oneelectromagnetically actuatable valve is maintained in the open position,a user can regulate fluid flow to the outlet using the at least onemechanically actuatable valve and when the at least one mechanicallyactuatable valve is maintained in an open position, a user can regulatethe fluid flow to the outlet by generating a stimulus in the zone ofdetection.

Related kits and methods are also included.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description ofthe various embodiments of the invention, may be better understood whenread in conjunction with the appended drawings. It should be understoodthat the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements andinstrumentalities shown in the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the system of the inventionillustrating an embodiment having a single electromagneticallyactuatable valve;

FIG. 2 provides a photographic representation of a portion of a systemof the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the systemincluding two electromagnetically actuatable valves and two mechanicallyactuatable valves;

FIG. 4 is a representation of a kit of the invention;

FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C illustrate an additional embodiment of the inventionwherein the activator device includes a position-sensitive sensorallowing for varied remote operation of the assembly in a firstposition;

FIG. 5A is a plan view of the assembly in situ around a sink;

FIG. 5B is a view of the system, including sensor;

FIG. 5C is a view of the sensor, in a “touchless on/off” position;

FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C illustrate an additional embodiment of the inventionwherein the activator device includes a position-sensitive sensorallowing for varied remote operation of the assembly in a secondposition;

FIG. 6A is a plan view of the assembly in situ around a sink;

FIG. 6B is a view of the system, including sensor;

FIG. 6C is a view of the sensor, in a “automatic on/off” position;

FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C illustrate an additional embodiment of the inventionwherein the activator device includes a position-sensitive sensorallowing for varied remote operation of the assembly in a thirdposition;

FIG. 7A is a plan view of the assembly in situ around a sink;

FIG. 7B is a view of the system, including sensor;

FIG. 7C is a view of the sensor placed face down, in “manual” position;

FIG. 8 shows a side view of a sink basin and a sensor illustrating anembodiment of the system where the sensor is disposed such that thepresence of a hand or other object in the sink basin will act asstimuli;

FIG. 9A is a representation of an additional embodiment of the inventionillustrating a cradle-like structure that receives the activator device;

FIG. 9B represents the activator device of FIG. 9A;

FIGS. 10A-10D schematically illustrate an additional embodiment of theinvention where the activator device includes an orientation detector isdetachably affixed to the assembly and can be operated on the assemblyor detached from the assembly;

FIG. 10A illustrates activation on the assembly, in an “up” position;

FIG. 10B illustrates activation on the assembly, in a “forward”position;

FIG. 10C illustrates activation on the assembly, in a “down” position;and

FIG. 10D illustrates activation detached from the assembly.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention described herein includes assemblies to remotely controlfluid flow (such as water flow) between a fluid source and an outlet,such as, for example, a kitchen or bathroom sink or tub faucet, ashowerhead, a utility sink, a service sink, a water fountain or otheroutlet from which water or other fluids flow. In one embodiment, theinvention includes assemblies that may be retro-fitted onto existing,pre-installed mechanical valve faucet systems in situ (for, example, ina consumer kitchen sink or an industrial lab sink). Alternatively, theassemblies may be integrated with a conventional mechanical valve faucetsystem and subsequently installed as a single unit.

Also contemplated within the scope of the invention are systems thatinclude the assemblies of the inventions (as described herein) as wellas the mechanically actuatable water supply valves, such that thesystems permit regulation of water flow through both manual andtouchless (wireless) modes of action by the user.

When connected to a water source and a fluid outlet, such as a faucet,the assembly of the invention permits a user to remotely control flow ofwater or other fluid between the fluid source and an outlet. Theassembly includes an electrically-operable valve, such as anelectromagnetically actuatable valve that, upon installation, isinterposed between a fluid source and an outlet. The valve is actuatablebetween an open position and a closed position. If theelectrically-operable valve is an electromagnetically actuatable valve,the assembly may also include an electromagnetic actuator (preferably asolenoid actuator) that is connected to the valve and is capable ofactuating the valve between the open and the closed position. Theassembly may further include a controller that includes a receiver toreceive a wireless signal and which is operably connected to theactuator (e.g., the solenoid actuator); and (iv) an activator devicethat includes a sensor (to sense a stimulus in a detection zone) and atransmitter that transmits a wireless signal when the sensor senses thestimulus. These components are described in detail below, as are thesystems and methods that incorporate them.

The invention in its various embodiments offers numerous advantages overboth prior art conventional, mechanical faucet systems and handsfreewater flow regulation systems. For example, since the activator deviceof the assembly is self-contained; it therefore provides flexibility tothe user. It is not attached to the faucet or to a fixed location in thefaucet area. Thus, the activator device is moveable and can be placed atvariable remote locations as desired by the user to accommodate his orher specific application requirement or comfort.

In an embodiment the activator device is not permanently attached to theassembly, but it may be removably or detachably affixed to the assembly.That is, when the assembly is not in use to supply fluid, the activationdevice may be maintained at a “home” position where it is affixed to orrests upon the assembly. By “detachably affixed” or “removably affixed”,it is meant that when placed in the home position the activator willremain securely in place, but it can be removed from home position byapplication of minimal force by the user, and subsequently replaced inhome position. The mechanism used to removably of detachably affix theactivator device may be any known developed in the art. For example,without limitation, the activator device may be attachable orconnectable to the assembly by simple mechanical device (prong(s),hook(s), snap(s), tie(s), mechanical/gravity tracing, loop(s), VELCRO®,etc.) friction, magnets, and the like.

In some embodiments, a portion of the assembly is adapted tosubstantially conform to one or more dimensions of the activator device,such that the portion defines a space that receives the activatordevice. Such portion may be, for example, a cradle, box or half-bow ordetent. FIG. 6 provides an exemplary representation of a system of theinvention in which the assembly bears a portion near the left hand sideof the faucet 305 that is shaped to receive the activator device, whichis housed in a polygonal housing. As seen in the Figure, the activatordevice 221 is detachably affixed to the assembly.

As a non-limiting example, in an embodiment, the activator device mayhave the format of a rectangular prism. In such embodiment, a portion ofthe assembly may comprise a “cradle”-like structure of a bottom surfaceand at least one side-wall. The space defined by the at least oneside-wall, for example three sidewalls, receives and maintains theactivator device. The portion of the assembly so-configured may bepresent alone, or used in combination with the other mechanismsdescribed above (hooks, magnets, etc.) to maintain the activation devicein “home” position. In another additional embodiment, the assembly mayinclude an activator device that contains a sensor that is in directelectrical communication (i.e., “hard-wired”) to the solenoidactivator(s) when the device is affixed to the assembly. Thus if thetransmitter fails or temporarily lacks power, the activator is stilluseable to control fluid flow.

In an embodiment, the activator device does not require any switches,buttons, etc. that require fine manipulation to operate; it can beeasily used by those with degraded fine motor skills or by serviceanimals providing aid to handicapped individuals.

Any use of the term “connections,” “connecting”, “connected”, etc.,herein is intended to encompass both a direct connection between thecomponents discussed (i.e., “part a” in physical contact with “part b”)and an indirect connection (i.e., “part a” in physical contact with oneor move intervening parts or a connecting space before physicalconnection with “part b” is made).

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system of the inventionillustrating an embodiment having a single electromagneticallyactuatable valve. Referring to FIG. 1, the electromagneticallyactuatable valve 15 is placed between the fluid source 11 and the outlet17. It is connected to the solenoid actuator 19, which contains asolenoid mechanism for electromagnetically actuating theelectromagnetically actuatable valve 15 between a closed position and anopen position.

The fluid source may be any from which a fluid flow originates, forexample, a municipal water supply, a well, a river, and/or an aqueduct.In some embodiments, particularly if the invention is used in foodservice or industrial chemical applications, the fluid source may be atank, reservoir or other production machinery that transports ordelivers fluids.

The electromagnetically actuatable valve may be any known in the artthat is (i) capable of alternating between a closed position at whichfluid flow along a fluid line (e.g., 13) is stopped or reduced (asdesired) and an open position at which fluid flow to the outlet 17 ispermitted and (ii) which may be actuated by an electromagnetic mode ofaction, such as by a solenoid. The electromagnetically actuatable valvemay be, for example, a two-port valve a three port valve, a directacting valve and/or a diaphragm piloted valve. Valves having any type ofactuator (e.g., plunger, pivoted armature, rocker) may be used. Suitablevalves may include, for example and without limitation, those describedin U.S. Pat. No. 6,508,272, the contents of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

In some embodiments, the valve may be capable of both electromagneticand mechanical actuation. Moreover, although the illustrative embodimentof FIG. 1 is uses an electromagnetically actuatable valve, such valve inFIG. 1 and any such valves described throughout this application(including in the claims) may simply be an electrically operablevalve—that is, any valve actuated at least in part via an electricalimpulse. Examples include, but are not limited to, anelectromechanically operated valve and electromagnetically actuatablevalve described with respect to FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the system of the invention theelectromagnetically actuatable valve is interposed between the fluidsource 11 and the fluid outlet 17. In an embodiment of the invention,the fluid originates from fluid source 11 and is carried through a pipe,line or other conduit 13 that terminates, either directly or indirectlyat outlet 17.

The activator device 21, which contains both a sensor 31 and atransmitter 25 is placed at a location remote from the outlet 17 fromwhich the fluid will flow. In an embodiment, it is not permanentlyaffixed to any site, but can be moved, rotated, flipped, or otherwisemanipulated as desired for flexibility of use.

For example, in an embodiment, the activator device is placed on thefloor surface of a residential kitchen, enabling regulation of waterflow to a kitchen sink by a service animal.

The activator device may be placed at any location with the onlylimitation being that the distance between the receiver of thecontroller and the transmitter of the activator device must not begreater than a signal is capable of travelling. As will be understood bya person of skill in the art, such distance will vary depending on thenature and type of wireless signal being generated and any physicalstructures that may shield the receiver or the transmitter. However,determination of a suitable distance is well with the skill of anordinarily skilled person in the art. For example, typical radiofrequency signals that are used in consumer/residential applications arecapable of traveling distances of about 20 feet to about 70 feet.

The sensor may be any known or to be developed in the art that iscapable of detecting a user-generated stimulus with a zone of detection,that is, a space surrounding the sensor. Exemplary sensors include thosethat are capable of detecting, for example motion, the presence/absenceof a opaque object, sound (especially in targeted frequencies), degreesof changes in temperature, light, and electromagnetic field andalterations in reflected energy and/or the presence/absence of any ofthese. Others include but are not limited to active infrared,capacitance detection, optical detection, and/or thermal detection. The“sensor” as used herein may include a single sensor (that is, a devicecapable of ‘sensing’ a sole type of stimulus, e.g., heat) or a sensorhaving multiple capabilities (that is, a device capable of ‘sensing’and/or distinguishing among one or more categories of stimuli, e.g., assensor that senses heat and light, or a sensor with a long range zone ofdetection and a sensor that has a short range zone of detection).

In a preferred embodiment, the user-generated stimulus may be theplacement or movement of a hand or other mammalian or avian body partwithin the zone of detection. In such case, the sensor is preferably aradar-based motion detector or an infrared detector, either passive oractive.

In another embodiment, the user-generated stimulus may be a sound in aspecified frequency. In such case, the sensor is preferably a microphoneand frequency filter assembly adapted to detect only the target stimulusfrequency (for example, to detect sound in the frequency ranges of80-300 Hz (average frequency of human voice), 130-170 Hz (averagefrequency of canine command bark); 2200-2800 Hz (average frequency ofhuman hand clap).

The activator device contains a transmitter that (upon activation)wirelessly transmits a signal that is received by the receiver in thevalve controller. The signal generated by the transmitter and receivedby the receiver may be any known or to be developed in the art. In apreferred embodiment, it may be desirable that the signal is a radiofrequency (RF) signal.

In some embodiments, it may be desirable that the activator deviceincludes a power source and a housing into which the component parts ofthe activator device are situated. The power source may be any known ordeveloped; exemplary power sources may include a battery, electricityobtained through a standard wall outlet, a solar cell, and the like. Inan embodiment, it may be preferred that the activator including arechargeable power source. If so, the assembly may include a chargingstation or other device/component to recharge or renew the power source.The charging station or other device maybe a separate component of theassembly, or it may be integrated into the assembly. For example, inembodiments where the activator device is detachable affixed to theassembly, the charging station may be at the point of affixation so thepower source can recharge or renew when in home position.

If the activator device components are housed in a housing, it may bedesirable that the housing is aesthetically pleasing, in design and/orcolor, especially if the assembly or device of the invention is intendedfor the consumer market.

Referring to FIG. 1, when a user generates a stimulus 27 within the zoneof detection 33 of the sensor 31, the sensor causes the transmitter 25to generate a signal 35.

The signal 35 travels wirelessly to the vicinity of the controller 35.The controller comprises a receiver 37 that is operably connected to thesolenoid actuator 19. Upon receipt of the signal 35, the controlleractuates the actuatable valve 15 to the open or closed position(depending on the initial state of the valve). The controller may belocated adjacent to or in close proximity to the assembly or system orit may be concealed inside of a cabinet or vanity and in operableconnection with the actuatable valve via wiring (e.g., wire 41) or otherphysical or electromechanical connection. The controller may alsoinclude a power source and/or a housing. Suitable power sources includebatteries, electricity via a standard household outlet, solar power andthe like.

In an alternative embodiment, the assembly includes more than oneactuatable valve arranged in a manifold, for example two actuatablevalves. FIG. 2 provides a photographic representation of a portion of asystem of the invention. Two actuatable valves 115 a, 115 b areassembled in a manifold 139, each adjacent to a solenoid actuator 119 a,119 b to actuate the valves 115 a, 115 b. Each valve 115 a, 115 b isdisposed along a fluid line through which will flow hot or cold water(115 a and 115 b, respectively). Since FIG. 2 shows only a portion ofthe system, truncated fluid lines are visible (having ends labeled 143a, 143 b and 145 a, 145 b). In practice, the fluid lines are continuous,terminating at the fluid source (not shown) on one end and at the outlet(not shown) on the other. In FIG. 2 each of the solenoid actuators 119a, 119 b is in operable connection with a single controller (not shown)via wiring 141 a. Thus, in this embodiment, a single signal sent by theactivator device may serve to actuate both actuatable valvessubstantially simultaneously. However, in alternative embodiments, itmay be desirable to use more than one controller. In some embodiments,the valves may be mechanically and electromagnetically actuatable.

In an alternative embodiment, the invention includes a systemincorporating the assembly as described and at least one mechanicallyactuated valve. FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of this embodiment,where the system further includes two mechanically actuated valves 242a, 242 b and the outlet is a kitchen sink faucet 217. Referring to FIG.3, a cold water source 211 a and a hot water source 211 b are each influid communication with a pipe or conduit 213 a and 213 b respectively.The water is carried to the electromagnetically actuatable valves 215 aand 215 b (shown in the Figure in the open position), flowing to themechanically actuated valves 242 a, 242 b, where they can be regulatedby the user by application of mechanical force. The mechanicallyactuated valves may be any known or to be developed in the art. Indeed,it is contemplated that when the system is fabricated by retrofittingthe assembly of the invention to a conventionally installed faucetsystem, the mechanically actuated valves will be of variable structure.

Although FIG. 3 illustrates the “hybrid” embodiment of the system havingboth conventional mechanical and touchless modes of fluid flowregulation where the mechanically operated valves are disposeddownstream of the electromagnetically actuatable valves, it should beunderstood that the opposite arrangement could also be employed.Alternatively, the solenoid actuated valve(s) and the mechanicallyactuated valves could be located in a parallel configuration relative toone another as opposed to the serial configuration set shown in FIG. 3.

The mechanical/electromagnetic actuated hybrid embodiment of theinvention exemplified in FIG. 3 permits mechanical operation of a faucetin a conventional manner using single or dual mechanically actuatedvalves to adjust water temperature and/or rate of flow and touchless,remote operation via the activator device. Manual operation is permittedby maintaining the solenoid actuated valves in an open state (ifarranged in series relative to the mechanically actuated valves),thereby permitting water flow to the outlet or faucet. In thisconfiguration, the system can be operated manually by opening themechanically actuated valves by application of mechanical force by theuser (as one does with all conventional faucets). Also, the mechanicalvalves may be placed in the closed position to prevent accidentalactivation of water flow via a misplaced or improperly handledactivation device.

If the sensor of the activator unit is oriented such that a user is ableto generate a stimulus within the zone of detection, the system willoperate in touchless, “on demand” mode. In this mode, themechanically-actuated valves may remain open, and the solenoid-actuatedvalves remain closed, unless the sensor detects a stimulus with its zoneof detection. A stimulus entering the zone of detection causes theactivator device to unit to transmit a signal to the receiver of thecontroller, resulting in the opening of the electromagnetically actuatedvalves and the resumption of water flow. The electromagneticallyactuatable valves remain in open position. To touchlessly close theelectromagnetically actuatable valves, and therefore stop the flow ofwater to the faucet, the user will generate a second stimulus within thezone of detection, which will result in the generation of a signal thatis wirelessly transmitted to the receiver of the controller, causing theelectromagnetically actuatable valve(s) to alternate to the closedposition.

In addition, the activator device of the assembly may be configured topermit the user to switch from touchless operation to manual operation.In such embodiments, the activator device may have a structure thatpermits selective ‘deactivation’ of the zone of detection, such that theactuatable valve(s) will remain in open position to allow for manualregulation of the water flow by physical actuation of the mechanicalvalves. For example, if the sensor includes a radar-based motiondetector or an infrared detector, the sensor may be incorporated into ahousing that has a removable or retractable flap, door, cover or thelike, that can be selectively used to cover the sensor, therebydeactivating the zone of detention and preventing the sensor fromdetecting any stimulus. Alternatively, the activator device can beconfigured so that it is possible to place and maintain the sensoragainst a planar surface, such as a countertop or table. For example,the activating unit can be configured in the form of a cube or solidcylinder with the sensor located in planar surface of the device.

In any of the embodiments disclosed herein, a time control may beoptionally incorporated to automatically close the electromagneticallyactuatable valves after the passage of a specified amount of time, forexample, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 to 10 minutes,etc.

The invention also includes a kit to retrofit an existing fluid deliverysystem with a touchless assembly that facilitates remote control of afluid flow between the fluid source and the outlet of the existing fluiddelivery system. Such kit includes the assemblies as described hereinand may also include materials that provide direction and guidance forinstallation. Such material may include written materials (either inhard copy of electric form) and video or audio materials (in the formof, for example, a digital file, a CD, a tape, etc.). Alternatively, thematerials may be in the form of a website address that the installer mayaccess via the internet, where written materials, audio and/or videoproviding the relevant information are available.

Referencing FIG. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the kit may include anactivator device 321 that contains a radio frequency transmitter and abattery (not visible), which are assembled with an infrared sensor 323into an attractive housing 343. The housing may have any shape known orto be developed in the art; it may be preferred that is it is in a shapeand size that facilitates ease of handling or that fits in the palm ofan average adult's hand.

The sensor 323 is disposed in the housing so that the zone of detection333 is adjacent to the top of the cylinder activator device 321,allowing for generation of a heat stimulus by a user in the zone ofdetection with relative ease.

The kit shown in FIG. 4 also includes a controller 335 that includes acontroller housing 345, into which has been fitted a receiver and abattery (not shown). Also included in the kit are two solenoid actuatedvalves 315 a, 315 b, each of which is connected to a solenoid actuator319 a, 319 b. The first electromagnetically actuated valve 319 a isdisposed upon a length of water line 351 a, intended to be affixed to acold water line upon installation. Similarly, the secondelectromagnetically actuated valve is disposed upon a length of waterline 351 b, intended to be affixed to a cold water line uponinstallation. The valve/actuator structures are arranged in a manifoldand enclosed within a housing 353. The controller 335 is connected toeach of the solenoid actuators 315 a, 315 b via conventional wiring andclips. It may be preferred that the wiring is of a significant length(e.g., 1 foot long to 10 feet long) to allow the installer flexibilityin placement of the assembly upon installation.

FIGS. 5A-8, provide a schematic representation of an embodiment of thesystem of the invention. The system is illustrative of an embodimentwhere the activator device of the invention includes a user-activatablesensor that detects and is capable of distinguishing among at least two,three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more types ofstimuli, including the absence of stimuli; a transmitter that transmitsthe wireless signal upon activation of the sensor by a user whogenerates any one of the stimuli to the receiver; and an orientationdetector that can detect among at least two orientations of theactivator device and which is operably connected to the sensor.

In the case of the exemplars of FIGS. 5A-8, the activator device 221 ishoused in a cube-shaped housing 307 having a first side 309 and itsorientation detector (not visible) is capable of distinguishing among atleast three orientations. For example, when the first side 309 is facingupward as represented in FIGS. 5A-C, the sensor (not shown) switches toa short range mode (“proximity” mode), wherein zone of detection extendsno greater than about 12 inches around the sensor. In this mode, aninitial application of the specific stimuli turns water flow on; asubsequent application of the specific stimuli turns water flow off.

When the first side 309 is turned by about 90° so it is facing towardsthe side, as shown in FIGS. 6A-C, the sensor switches to a long rangemode (the zone of detection extends about 3 feet from the sensor). Inthis mode, an initial application of the specific stimuli turns waterflow on; a subsequent application of the specific stimuli turns waterflow off. When the first side 309 is turned by about 180° so it isfacing downwards, as shown in FIGS. 7A-C (with the housing shown astransparent for illustrative purposes), the sensor switches is “off”, sothat the faucet 305 can be operated in manual mode.

In FIG. 8, it is illustrated a situation in which the activator device221 has a housing with angled sides, such that the sensor can beorientated such that the zone of detection 320 is present in the middleportion of a space 322 defined by a sink basin 324 (shown in crosssection) such that if an operator were to reach his hand 326 into thespace 322, it would enter the zone of detection and activate ordeactivate the sensor.

The housing 307 of FIGS. 5A-8 is illustrated as being a cube; however,the housing may be any three dimensional shape, for example, anypolygonal prism. In some embodiments, irregular prisms may be preferredas such allow the side walls of the housing to be set at various anglesfor ease of use or user comfort or to permit orientation of the zone ofdetection in the desired direction.

Various embodiments may be contemplated for the shape of the housing,and/or the switch included in the activator device, such that theactivator device can be configured to customize the sensors andresultant zones of detention orientation, depending on the desired enduse. For example, in some embodiments without limitation, the activationdevice is fabricated so that when it is detached from home position canbe placed on the edge of a sink basin with a sensor facing forward, toallow for long range detection of stimulus. In another embodiment, thehousing may be in the form of a vertically rising rectangular prism,cylinder or other shape having a first substantially planar surface anda second substantially planar surface and in which an accelerometer orother position sensor is included. When the activator device is restingon its first surface (that is, the first surface is adjacent to the topsurface of a counter, basin edge or worktop), water will flow; when theactivator device is resting on its second surface, water flow willcease, and manual operation will be possible. Is some embodiments, theactivator device is not secured or permanently affixed to the counter,basin edge, worktop, vanity or other structure.

In FIGS. 9A, 9B, a representation of the system of the invention havinga detachably affixed activator device 221 that rests in a portion of thesystem that is shaped to receive the activator device. When theactivator device 221 is maintained in the cradle (a first orientation),the sensor (not shown) switches to a short range mode (“proximity”mode), wherein zone of detection extends no greater than about 12 inchesaround the sensor. In this mode, an initial application of the specificstimuli turns water flow on; a subsequent application of the specificstimuli turns water flow off.

In this non-limiting example, when the activator device is removed fromthe cradle (orientation 2), the sensor may switch to a long range mode(the zone of detection extends about 3 feet from the sensor).Alternatively, when orientated so that the sensor faces upwardly, thesensor may switch to a shorter range mode (e.g., zone of detectionextends up to 1 foot from sensor). In this mode, an initial applicationof the specific stimuli turns water flow on; a subsequent application ofthe specific stimuli turns water flow off.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the sensor can beoriented by rotating it around its longitudinal axis such that its zoneof detection extends into the sink (activatable, therefore, by thepresence of a dirty dish), to the front, or any other direction that theuser prefers.

In an additional embodiment that is a refinement of the embodiment ofFIGS. 9A-B, the activator device can further include an indicator device317 (FIGS. 10A-D) that is stationary relative to the activator device,but permits the detachably affixed activator device to rotate around itslongitudinal axis. For example, as is illustrated in FIGS. 10A-D, theindicator device may be in the form of a collar that is adjacent to aside of the activator device, or encircles, for example, concentricallyencircles, the activator device, that is rotated around its longitudinalaxis such that the zone of detection of the sensor extends in an upwardsdirection, the sensor is in a short range, proximity mode. When, forexample, the activator device is rotated around its longitudinal axissuch that the sensor's zone of detection extends upwards, the water flowmay be turned on or off when a stimulus enters the zone, as isillustrated in FIG. 10A. When, for example, the activator device isrotated around its longitudinal axis such that the sensor's zone ofdetection extends forward or points towards the user, the sensor is inthe automatic zone mode and fluid flow may be turned “on” or “off” whena stimulus enters the zone of detection, as is illustrated in FIG. 10B.When, for example, the activator device is rotated around itslongitudinal axis such that the sensor's zone of detection extendsdownwardly or is opposite the user, the sensor may be “off” and thefaucet will be in manual mode, as is shown in FIG. 10C. Alternatively,the activator device (with or without indicator device) can be removedfrom the cradle or home position, and placed in various locations nearthe water source to customize the location of the zone of detection, asis shown in FIG. 10D. This creates a situation where the zone may bepointing into the basin of a sink, so that a hand or other object willactivate/deactivate the sensor when it is placed in the sink basin.

Also included within the scope of the invention are methods by which auser touchlessly or wirelessly regulates the delivery of a fluid from afluid source to an outlet comprising generating a stimulus with a zoneof detection of a user-activatable sensor that is in operablecommunication with a transmitter and the generation of the stimuluscauses a signal to transmitted by the transmitter by a receiver, thereceiver being operably connected to a solenoid actuator, which actuatesan electromagnetically actuatable valve that is disposed between thefluid source and the faucet, causing the valve to actuate from a firstposition to a second position, thereby regulating water flow.

Numerous variations of the disclosed systems, assemblies and methods canbe prepared by mix and matching the various components disclosed herein.Such permutations are well within the scope of the person of skill inthe art.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could bemade to the embodiments described above without departing from the broadinventive concept thereof. It is understood, therefore, that thisinvention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but itis intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of thepresent invention as defined by the appended claims.

We claim:
 1. An assembly for controlling fluid flow between a fluidsource and an outlet comprising: an electromagnetically-actuatable valveconfigured to be interposed between the fluid source and the outlet andto be actuatable between an open position and a closed position; anactivator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensor configured todetect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured to transmit a signalupon activation of the sensor by a user to a controller configured toactuate the valve, and (iii) an orientation detector configured todetect among at least two orientations of the activator device, whereinwhen the activator device is in a first orientation, a zone of detectionof the sensor extends no farther than a predetermined distance from thesensor, and when the activator is in a second orientation, the zone ofdetection extends farther than the predetermined distance from thesensor.
 2. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a solenoidactuator operably connected to the electromagnetically-actuatable valve.3. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the sensor is an infrared detector.4. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the signal is a radio frequencysignal.
 5. The assembly of claim 1, wherein theelectromagnetically-actuatable valve is mechanically actuatable.
 6. Theassembly of claim 1, wherein the activator device is detachably affixedto the assembly.
 7. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the orientationdetector is an accelerometer.
 8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein theorientation detector is chosen from an electronic detector, anelectromagnetic detector, an electro-mechanical detector, a rotationalangle sensor, and a position switch.
 9. The assembly of claim 1, whereinthe sensor comprises an optical sensor and an infrared sensor.
 10. Theassembly of claim 1, wherein the activator device comprises a housing inthe form of a polygonal prism having a first side, wherein at the firstorientation the first side is oriented upwardly, and at the secondorientation, the first side is oriented about 90° relative to the firstorientation.
 11. The assembly of claim 1, wherein: the orientationdetector can detect among at least three orientations of the activatordevice; and when the activator device is in a third orientation, thesensor is deactivated.
 12. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the sensoris capable of detecting and distinguishing among at least two stimuli.13. An assembly for controlling water flow between a water source and afaucet or shower head comprising: an electromagnetically-actuatablevalve configured to be interposed between the water source and thefaucet or shower head and to be actuatable between an open position anda closed position; an activator device comprising (i) a user-activatablesensor configured to detect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured totransmit a signal upon activation of the sensor by a user to acontroller configured to actuate the valve, and (iii) an orientationdetector configured to detect among at least two orientations of theactivator device, wherein when the activator device is in a firstorientation, a zone of detection of the sensor extends no farther than apredetermined distance from the sensor, and when the activator is in asecond orientation, the zone of detection extends farther than thepredetermined distance from the sensor.
 14. The assembly of claim 13,further comprising a solenoid actuator operably connected to theelectromagnetically-actuatable valve.
 15. The assembly of claim 13,wherein the sensor is an infrared detector.
 16. The assembly of claim13, wherein the signal is a radio frequency signal.
 17. The assembly ofclaim 13, wherein the activator device is detachably affixed to theassembly.
 18. An assembly for controlling fluid flow between a coldwater source and a hot water source and an outlet comprising: a firstelectromagnetically-actuatable valve configured to be interposed betweenthe hot water source and the outlet and to be actuatable between an openposition and a closed position; a second electromagnetically-actuatablevalve configured to be interposed between the cold water source and theoutlet and to be actuatable between an open position and a closedposition; an activator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensorconfigured to detect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured totransmit a signal upon activation of the sensor and by a user to acontroller configured to actuate one or more of the first valve and thesecond valve, and (iii) an orientation detector configured to detectamong at least two orientations of the activator device, wherein whenthe activator device is in a first orientation, a zone of detection ofthe sensor extends no farther than a predetermined distance from thesensor, and when the activator is in a second orientation, the zone ofdetection extends farther than the predetermined distance from thesensor.
 19. The assembly of claim 18, wherein the signal is a radiofrequency signal.
 20. A system to control fluid flow between a fluidsource and an outlet comprising: an electromagnetically-actuatable valveconfigured to be interposed between the fluid source and the outlet andto be actuatable between an open position and a closed position; anactivator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensor configured todetect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured to transmit a signalupon activation of the sensor by a user to a controller configured toactuate the valve, and (iii) an orientation detector configured todetect among at least two orientations of the activator device, whereinwhen the activator device is in a first orientation, a zone of detectionof the sensor extends no farther than a predetermined distance from thesensor, and when the activator is in a second orientation, the zone ofdetection extends farther than the predetermined distance from thesensor; and a mechanically actuatable valve interposed between the fluidsource and the outlet, wherein the mechanically actuatable valve isactuatable between an open position and a closed position; wherein, whenthe at least one electromagnetically actuatable valve is maintained inthe open position, a user can regulate fluid flow to the outlet usingthe at least one mechanically actuatable valve and when the at least onemechanically actuatable valve is maintained in an open position, a usercan regulate the fluid flow to the outlet by generating a stimulus inthe zone of detection.
 21. The system of claim 20, further comprising asolenoid actuator operably connected to theelectromagnetically-actuatable valve.
 22. The system of claim 20,wherein the electromagnetically actuatable valve and the mechanicallyactuatable valve are arranged in series.
 23. The system of claim 20,wherein the electromagnetically-actuatable valve and the mechanicallyactuatable valve are arranged in parallel.
 24. The system of claim 20,wherein the sensor is an infrared detector.
 25. The system of claim 20,wherein the signal is a radio frequency signal.
 26. The assembly ofclaim 20, wherein the activator device is detachably affixed to theassembly.
 27. An assembly for controlling fluid flow between a fluidsource and an outlet comprising: an electrically operable valveconfigured to be interposed between the fluid source and the outlet andto be actuatable between an open position and a closed position; anactivator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensor configured todetect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured to transmit a signalupon activation of the sensor by a user to a controller configured toactuate the valve, and (iii) an orientation detector configured todetect among at least two orientations of the activator device, whereinwhen the activator device is in a first orientation, a zone of detectionof the sensor extends no farther than a predetermined distance from thesensor, and when the activator is in a second orientation, the zone ofdetection extends farther than the predetermined distance from thesensor.
 28. The assembly of claim 27, wherein the electrically operablevalve is an electro-mechanical valve.
 29. The assembly of claim 27,wherein the electrically operable valve is anelectromagnetically-actuatable valve actuatable by a solenoid actuator.30. An assembly for controlling water flow between a water source and afaucet or shower head comprising: an electrically operable valveconfigured to be interposed between the fluid source and the faucet orshower head and to be actuatable between an open position and a closedposition; an activator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensorconfigured to detect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured totransmit a signal upon activation of the sensor by a user to acontroller configured to actuate the valve, and (iii) an orientationdetector configured to detect among at least two orientations of theactivator device, wherein when the activator device is in a firstorientation, a zone of detection of the sensor extends no farther than apredetermined distance from the sensor, and when the activator is in asecond orientation, the zone of detection extends farther than thepredetermined distance from the sensor.
 31. The assembly of claim 30,wherein the electrically operable valve is an electro-mechanical valve.32. The assembly of claim 30, wherein the electrically operable valve isan electromagnetically-actuatable valve actuatable by a solenoidactuator.
 33. An assembly for controlling fluid flow between a coldwater source and a hot water source and an outlet comprising: a firstelectrically operable valve configured to be interposed between the hotwater source and the outlet and to be actuatable between an openposition and a closed position; a second electrically operable valveconfigured to be interposed between the cold water source and the outletand to be actuatable between an open position and a closed position; anactivator device comprising (i) a user-activatable sensor configured todetect a stimulus, (ii) a transmitter configured to transmit a signalupon activation of the sensor and by a user to a controller configuredto actuate one or more of the first valve and the second valve, and(iii) an orientation detector configured to detect among at least twoorientations of the activator device, wherein when the activator deviceis in a first orientation, a zone of detection of the sensor extends nofarther than a predetermined distance from the sensor, and when theactivator is in a second orientation, the zone of detection extendsfarther than the predetermined distance from the sensor.